TeO2 Crystal

TeO2 Crystal
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TeO2 crystal, also known as tellurium dioxide, is a kind of acousto-optic crystal material with high-quality factors and excellent performance.

TeO2 crystal has the advantages of fast response, low driving power, and high diffraction efficiency, stable and reliable performance. It is widely used in various types of acousto-optic devices, such as:

  • Acousto-optic deflectors
  • Acousto-optic modulators
  • Acousto-optic harmonizers
  • Acousto-optic filters
  • Tunable filters

Therefore, TeO2 crystals are a promising material for acousto-optic devices, especially for acousto-optic modulators and acousto-optic harmonizers. They have a wide range of applications in optical computing, optical communication, and optical microscopic imaging.

Features of TeO2 Crystal:

  • High refractive index
  • Low sound attenuation
  • High Quality Factor
  • High transparency to visible light
  • Excellent sound and light characteristics

Physical and Chemical Properties

AttributeNumerical
Chemical FormulaTeO2
Molar Mass159.60 g/mol
ColorColorless,
Density5.99 ± 0.03 /cm3
Melting Point733°C
Hardness3-4 Mohs Hardness Tester
Thermal Expansion10-6 К-1:
α11= 17.7;
α22 = 17.7;
α33= 5.5
SymmetryTetragonal Crystal System, 422 (D4)
Lattice Constanta = 4.8122 Å;
c = 7.6157 Å
Transmittance>70% @ 633nm
Launch Range0.33 ~ 5.0 μm
Dielectric Constantε11 = 22.9; ε33 = 24.7
Elastic Constants·10-10 N/m2c11 = 5.57; c33 = 10.58; c44 = 2.65; c66 = 6.59; c12 = 5.12; c13 = 2.18
Photoelastic Coefficient@0.6328 μmp11 = 0.0074; p12 = 0.187; p13 = 0.340; p31 = 0.0905; p33 = 0.240; p44 = -0.17; p66 = -0.0463

Refractive Index

λ, μmnoneΔn = ne– no
0.40472.43152.61670.1852
0.43582.38342.55830.1749
0.46782.34782.51640.1686
0.482.33662.50360.167
0.50862.3152.47790.1629
0.54612.29312.4520.1589
0.58932.27382.42950.1557
0.63282.25972.41190.1522
0.64382.25622.40860.1524
0.692.2452.39550.1505
0.82.2262.3730.147
12.2082.3520.144

Optical Activity, Along [001]

λ, μmp, deg/mmλ, μmp, deg/mm
0.3698587.10.5893104.9
0.3783520.60.632886.9
0.3917437.40.767.4
0.4152337.60.848.5
0.43822710.937.4
0.463221.1129.5
0.4995171.21.123.8
0.53143.4  

Acousto-optic Properties: λ=0.6328μm

NsoundUsoundVsound 103 м/сNlightElightM1 10-7сm2 · с/гM210-18с3/г
[100][100]2.98[010][100]0.0970.048
[100][100]–[010][001]22.910.6
[001][001]4.26[010][100]14234.5
[001][001]–[010][001]11325.6
[100][010]3.04[001]optional3.71.76
[110][110]4.21[-110][110]3230.802
[110][110]–[-110][001]16.23.77
[101][101]3.64[-101][010]10133.4
[010][010]2.98[-101][101]42.620.4
[110][-110]0.617[001]optional68.6793
[101][-101]2.08[010][100]76.477

TeO2 Modulator Characteristics

Main Features of АОMTeO2Typical Values ​​for Modulators
Optical Wavelength Range514nm, 633nm, 1064nm, 1330nm
Optical Aperture0.3 mm – 3 mm
Working ModeLongitudinal, axis(001)
Light Rise TimeThe beam diameter is 9-200 nsec
Beam Separation（633 nm）10-30 mrad
Diffraction Efficiency70-85 %
Modulation Frequency（-3db）6-50 MHz

TeO2 Deflector Characteristics

Main Features of АОDTeO2Typical Values of Deflectors
Optical Wavelength Range540nm-530nm, 630nm-850nm, 700nm-1100nm, 1064nm, 1330nm
Optical Aperture1 mm – 10 mm
Working Mode
Shear wave, axis 3-15 degrees（110）
Center Frequency20- 200 MHz
Bandwidth20-100 MHz
Diffraction Efficiency60-95%
Time Aperture1-15 μs
Resolution（T.BW products）200-2000
Light Rise TimeThe beam diameter is 9-200 nsec
Angle10-100 mrad
ΔDeflection Angle5-50 mrad
RF input power0,1- 2 Wt

TeO2 Tunable Filter Characteristics

The Main Characteristics of a Spectacle OTFTeO2 Typical value of AOTF
Tuning Range450-750nm, 900-1200nm, 1200-2500nm, 2500-5000nm
Bandwidth0.5 nm – 15 nm
Working ModeSlow shear, non-collinear propagation
Corner Hole2-10
Optical Aperture3×3 mm – 30×30 mm
Diffraction Efficiency70-85 %
RF Power1-10 Wt

Spectrum

Acousto-optic Crystal TeO2 Spectrum - CRYLINK

References

[1]  Mirzaei A ,  Park S ,  Sun G J , et al. CO gas sensing properties of In4Sn3O12 and TeO2 composite nanoparticle sensors[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 305(Mar.15):130-138.
[2]  Dafinei I ,  Diemoz M ,  Longo E , et al. Growth of pure and doped TeO2 crystals for scintillating bolometers[J]. Nuclear Inst & Methods in Physics Research A, 2005, 554(1-3):195-200.
[3]  Kokh A E ,  Shevchenko V S ,  Vlezko V A , et al. Growth of TeO2 single crystals by the low temperature gradient Czochralski method with nonuniform heating[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2013, 384(dec.1):1-4.
[4] S, Kumaragurubaran, and, et al. Investigations on the growth of Bi2TeO5 and TeO2 crystals[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 1999.
[5]  Beke S ,  Kobayashi T ,  Sugioka K , et al. Time-of-flight mass spectroscopy of femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablated TeO2 crystals[J]. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2011, 299(1):5-8.
[6]  Casali N ,  Bellini F ,  Dafinei I , et al. Monte Carlo simulation of the Cherenkov radiation emitted by TeO2 crystal when crossed by cosmic muons[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2013, 732(dec.21):338-341.
[7] Jalilian, Jaafar, Naseri, et al. Electronic and optical properties of paratellurite TeO2 under pressure: A first-principles calculation[J]. Journal for Light & Electronoptic, 2017.
[8]  Syrbu N N ,  Cre?U R V . The superposition of one- and two-phonon absorption and radiation in TeO2 crystal[J]. Infrared Physics & Technology, 1996, 37(7):769–775.
[9]  Mangin J ,  Veber P . PtTe2: Potential new material for the growth of defect-free TeO2 single crystals[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2008, 310(12):3077-3083.
[10]  Sudha A ,  Maity T K ,  Sharma S L , et al. An extensive study on the structural evolution and gamma radiation stability of TeO 2 thin films[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2018, 74:347-351.
[11] A, Watterich, and, et al. Paramagnetic and diamagnetic defects in e− and UV-irradiated TeO2 single crystal[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2002.
[12]  B C A A ,  B C B A ,  D A B C , et al. Production of high purity TeO 2 single crystals for the study of neutrinoless double beta decay[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2010, 312( 20):2999-3008.
[13] High-stability acousto-optical devices using bulk acoustic waves in TeO2[J]. Electronics Letters, 2007, 14(17):535-536.
[14]  Barucci M ,  Brofferio C ,  Giuliani A , et al. Measurement of Low Temperature Specific Heat of Crystalline TeO2 for the Optimization of Bolometric Detectors[J]. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 2001, 123(5-6):303-314.
[15]  Xun G ,  Shang X , D Zhang. Study on SAW characteristics of amorphous-TeO2/36°Y-X LiTaO3 structures. IEEE, 2009.
[16]  Stavrakieva D ,  Ivanova Y ,  Pyrov J . On the composition of the crystal phases in the PbO TeO2 system[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 1988, 23(5):1871-1876.
[17]  Yong J K ,  Choi S W ,  Kang S Y , et al. Enhancement of the benzene-sensing performance of Si nanowires through the incorporation of TeO2 heterointerfaces and Pd-sensitization[J]. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 2017, 244(jun.):1085-1097.
[18] Physical properties and structural studies of lithium borophosphate glasses containing TeO 2[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2019, 270:547-552.
[19]  Nagarajan V ,  Chandiramouli R . DFT investigation of NH3 gas interactions on TeO2 nanostructures[J]. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 2016, 26( 2):129-138.
[20]  Park S ,  An S ,  Ko H , et al. Enhancement of ethanol sensing of TeO2 nanorods by Ag functionalization[J]. Current Applied Physics, 2013, 13(3):576-580.

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